Definitions

Defintions:

"Barbados" sugar = muscovado sugar - Substitute: dark brown sugar

castor sugar = a UK term for "superfine" sugar sold in the USA. It dissolves more easily
        than "sugar", and is not as fine as powdered sugar.

courgette = zucchini

digestive biscuits = originally a semi-sweet plain cookie made with bicarbonate
      of soda - Substitute any plain vegan semi-sweet cookie.

kanten = agar

The gelling ability of agar agar is affected by the acidity or alkalinity of the ingredients it is mixed with, also by factors such as the season of the seaweed harvest! More acidic foods, such as citrus fruits and strawberries, may require higher amounts of agar agar. Some ingredients will not set with it at all such as: kiwi fruit (too acidic), pineapple, fresh figs, paw paw /papaya, mango and peaches, which contain enzymes which break down the gelling ability (although cooked fruit seems to lose this effect), chocolate and spinach.

Flaked and powdered agar agar need to be used in different proportions, unfortunately many recipes do not specify which is being called for, but here are a few guidelines:

Powdered agar agar can be substituted for the same quantity of powdered gelatine in a recipe. For every teaspoon of agar agar powder, you should substitute a tablespoon of agar agar flakes. For a firm jelly you require approximately 2 teaspoons of powder or 2 tablespoons of flakes per 1 pint / 600ml of liquid.

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muscovado sugar = Barbados sugar - Substitute: dark brown sugar

Golden Syrup = Made by evaporating sugar cane until it thickens and has a rich, toasty and very distinct flavor. Substitute - Agave Nectar

rambutans = lychees

saleratus = baking soda

stem ginger = Read on bottom of this page

swede = rutabaga, yellow turnip